Written by Ardil Ulucay
CHAPTER I: WHAT IS PTSD AND CAUSES OF PTSD
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (“PTSD”) is characterized by a set of symptoms that manifest long after the traumatic event has occurred. These symptoms can take many takes, including intrusive thoughts, flashbacks, nightmares, and intense distress when exposed to reminders of the trauma. Additionally, individuals with PTSD may experience heightened arousal, such as difficulty sleeping, irritability, and hypervigilance. Avoidance behaviors, where the person actively avoids situations or stimuli associated with the trauma, are also common.
Trauma is a subjective experience, and what may be traumatic for one person may not be for another. Common causes of PTSD include experiencing or witnessing violence or abuse, physical or sexual assault, natural disasters, accidents, or military combat. Veterans often suffer from PTSD, with the severity of the trauma, perceived threat to one’s life, and the lack of a support system all contributing to the development of PTSD. [3].
CHAPTER II: PTSD’S EFFECTS ON THE PATIENT’S MENTAL HEALTH
One of the most significant impacts of PTSD is on an individual's mental health. The intrusive thoughts and memories associated with the trauma can lead to a constant state of distress. Flashbacks, where the person feels as though they are reliving the traumatic event, can be particularly debilitating. These symptoms can interfere with daily functioning, making it challenging for individuals with PTSD to concentrate, work, or engage in social activities. The emotional toll of PTSD is profound, with individuals experiencing intense feelings of fear, anger, anxiety, guilt, and shame. The emotional numbness that often accompanies PTSD can strain relationships, as those affected may struggle to connect with others on an emotional level [2, 3].
CHAPTER III: PHYSICAL EFFECTS OF PTSD ON THE PATIENT
PTSD doesn't just affect the mind; it can also take a toll on the body. The constant state of hyperarousal, a common symptom of PTSD, can lead to physical health problems. Sleep disturbances, such as insomnia or nightmares, contribute to fatigue and exhaustion. The increased levels of stress hormones in the body can impact the immune system, making individuals with PTSD more susceptible to illnesses [2, 3].
Furthermore, individuals with PTSD may engage in coping mechanisms that are detrimental to their physical health, such as substance abuse or self-harm. These behaviors can exacerbate existing health issues and complicate the overall recovery process.
CHAPTER IV: IMPACTS OF PTSD ON RELATIONSHIPS
PTSD can strain relationships with family, friends, and romantic partners alike. The emotional distance that often accompanies PTSD can make it difficult for individuals to connect with and support their loved ones or even talk to them. Communication may become challenging, as those with PTSD may struggle to express their feelings or may avoid discussing the trauma altogether. In some cases, individuals with PTSD may isolate themselves from social situations, further limiting their ability to maintain healthy relationships. This isolation can contribute to feelings of loneliness and exacerbate the overall impact of the disorder [3].
Image Credit: https://www.verywellmind.com/why-relationships-fail-5206956.
CHAPTER V: Seeking Help and Treatment
Fortunately, PTSD is a treatable condition, and seeking help is a crucial step towards recovery. Psychotherapy, particularly trauma-focused therapies like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), has shown effectiveness in helping individuals process and cope with traumatic memories. Medications, such as antidepressants or anti-anxiety medications, may be prescribed to alleviate some of the symptoms associated with PTSD. A combination of therapeutic approaches and medication management is often tailored to the individual's specific needs.
In conclusion, PTSD is a complex and challenging condition that can significantly impact the lives of those affected. Understanding the nature of PTSD, its causes, and the potential effects on mental, emotional, and physical well-being is essential for creating awareness and fostering empathy. With appropriate treatment and support, individuals with PTSD can embark on a journey of healing and reclaiming their lives [3].
References:
Why do some relationships fail? (2021, October 31). Very well Mind. https://www.verywellmind.com/why-relationships-fail-5206956
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - Symptoms and causes. (2022, December 13). Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/post-traumatic-stress-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20355967#:
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). (n.d.). Better Health Channel - Better Health Channel. https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd
Comments